eprintid: 16028 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/01/60/28 datestamp: 2023-11-10 03:30:39 lastmod: 2023-11-10 03:30:39 status_changed: 2023-11-10 02:01:01 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Deshannavar, U.B. creators_name: Marappagounder, R. title: Revisiting Threshold Fouling Models for Crude Oil Fouling ispublished: pub keywords: Activation energy; Crude oil; Deposition rates, Bulk temperatures; Chemical reaction engineering; Film temperature; Fluid velocities; Fouling mechanisms; Fouling model; Fouling rate, Fouling note: cited By 1 abstract: Threshold crude oil fouling models use activation energy in the deposition rate term to predict the initial fouling rates. It has been reported in the literature that fluid velocity has a strong influence on activation energy, which does not agree well with the principles of chemical reaction engineering. Besides, the existing threshold fouling models always predict an increase in the fouling rate with an increase in film temperature. Several studies reported in the literature reveal that many test crude oils exhibited a decrease in fouling rate with an increase in film temperature caused by an increase in bulk temperature. It is, therefore, necessary to develop a threshold fouling model that is free from the use of activation energy in the model, and that predicts the initial fouling rates correctly for all types of crude oils and fouling mechanisms. In the present study, a modified threshold fouling model has been proposed by introducing a bulk temperature-dependent constant in the place of activation energy and validated with experimental data from our laboratory and data from the literature. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. date: 2021 publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd. official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088993923&doi=10.1080%2f01457632.2020.1800276&partnerID=40&md5=d1a21ffb4eb439a1143ef5288d8bc647 id_number: 10.1080/01457632.2020.1800276 full_text_status: none publication: Heat Transfer Engineering volume: 42 number: 17 pagerange: 1489-1505 refereed: TRUE issn: 01457632 citation: Deshannavar, U.B. and Marappagounder, R. (2021) Revisiting Threshold Fouling Models for Crude Oil Fouling. Heat Transfer Engineering, 42 (17). pp. 1489-1505. ISSN 01457632