eprintid: 16019
rev_number: 2
eprint_status: archive
userid: 1
dir: disk0/00/01/60/19
datestamp: 2023-11-10 03:30:39
lastmod: 2023-11-10 03:30:39
status_changed: 2023-11-10 02:01:00
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Amin, H.U.
creators_name: Ousta, F.
creators_name: Yusoff, M.Z.
creators_name: Malik, A.S.
title: Modulation of cortical activity in response to learning and long-term memory retrieval of 2D verses stereoscopic 3D educational contents: Evidence from an EEG study
ispublished: pub
keywords: Behavioral research; Brain; Depth perception; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Human reaction time; Neurons; Stereo image processing; Three dimensional computer graphics, Back-ground knowledge; Cortical activity; Educational contents; Learning and memory; Learning materials; Long term memory; Neuronal networks; Statistically significant difference, Neural networks, adult; article; brain region; classifier; controlled study; electroencephalogram; electroencephalography; feature extraction; female; human; human experiment; human tissue; information retrieval; intelligence; learning; long term memory; major clinical study; male; memory; nerve cell network; randomized controlled trial; reaction time
note: cited By 5
abstract: Stereoscopic 3D (S3D) displays provide a very realistic visualization experience to the viewers through a sensation of depth perception. Despite the rapid growth of S3D technology (S3D) in education, very little has been known about the effects of S3D on human behavior and the corresponding brain's responses over traditional 2D display during conscious learning and Long-Term Memory (LTM) recall process. The present study aims to explore the effects of S3D technology on human behavior and the brain responses during learning and memory using an electroencephalography (EEG) technique. A sample of 68 participants between 18 and 30 years of age was recruited to perform three tasks: (1) Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM) test to assess the fluid intelligence ability; (2) learning task to study the S3D or 2D based contents for learning; and (3) memory recall task to assess the memory recall and retention performance. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups�2D group and S3D group, in such a way that their fluid intelligence ability, age, and background knowledge about the learning material are controlled. The analysis of behavioral data suggested that responses of both groups in terms of reaction time after two months of retention were statistically significantly different, F(2.66,125.09) = 4.47, p =.007, ηp2 = 0.087. The differences between the S3D and 2D groups were identified by EEG analysis, i.e., the classifier correctly discriminated the EEG signals of both groups with more than 90 accuracy rate. The EEG source analysis showed statistically significant differences between the groups in the brain regions of BA 7, BA 10, BA 11, and BA 25, reflecting widespread neuronal networks involved in the S3D group as compared to the 2D group in the LTM recollection. In conclusion, it was experimentally showed that the human brain processed the S3D contents differently by utilizing more cortical regions and neuronal networks than the traditional 2D contents, which modulates the behavior of the participants by recollecting the LTM faster in the recall task. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
date: 2021
publisher: Elsevier Ltd
official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089731246&doi=10.1016%2fj.chb.2020.106526&partnerID=40&md5=cbd0bcdcbedac89c9952b1294a0319a4
id_number: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106526
full_text_status: none
publication: Computers in Human Behavior
volume: 114
refereed: TRUE
issn: 07475632
citation:   Amin, H.U. and Ousta, F. and Yusoff, M.Z. and Malik, A.S.  (2021) Modulation of cortical activity in response to learning and long-term memory retrieval of 2D verses stereoscopic 3D educational contents: Evidence from an EEG study.  Computers in Human Behavior, 114.   ISSN 07475632