@article{scholars15668,
            note = {cited By 1},
       publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},
         journal = {Advanced Structured Materials},
            year = {2021},
           title = {Optimization of Welding Parameters for Self-Support Friction Stir Welding (SS-FSW) on AA6063 Pipe Joints},
          volume = {147},
             doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-67307-9{$_2$}{$_8$}},
           pages = {299--306},
        abstract = {The use of the friction stir welding (FSW) process with the needs of inner mandrels or backing plates will limit the further application for industrial needs. Therefore, the self-support friction stir welding (SS-FSW) technique is used to run the joining process without the inner mandrel or backing support especially for pipes. In order to execute the experiment, the AA6063 pipe with 89{\^A} mm of outside diameter and 5{\^A} mm of wall thickness was utilized in this experiment setting. Several edge preparations were used such as butt, scarf and stepped joint. In addition, the different pin profiles were also used: cylindrical, rectangular and triangular shape. The selected rotational speeds were 910{\^A} rpm, 1280{\^A} rpm and 1700{\^A} rpm. The Taguchi L9 orthogonal array was used to minimize the number of experiments as it is difficult to conduct a high number of experiments to find out the level combinations. The height of deformation was measured and analyzed further by the use of a statistical tool, i.e. analysis of variance (ANOVA) via Minitab 19. As a result, the optimum parameters were 910{\^A} rpm of rotational speed, rectangular pin profile and stepped joint of edge preparation, with the minimum height of deformation at 542.25{\^A} {\^I}1/4m. The pin profiles were the major factor that can affect the output with a 62.38 of contribution. The future works will be continued until the elimination of the requirement of inner mandrel or backing plate in the use of FSW process can be achieved. {\^A}{\copyright} 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85114283316&doi=10.1007\%2f978-3-030-67307-9\%5f28&partnerID=40&md5=8b3b5796ac1d34bcb4deaacb324b7b2b},
            issn = {18698433},
          author = {Lotpy, M. A. M. N. and Ismail, A. and Rahman, F. A. and Puteri Zarina, M. K. and Baharudin, B. A. and Awang, M. and Hamid, D. A.}
}