%0 Conference Paper
%A Ramli, A.
%A Kin, L.W.
%A Anuar, N.A.S.I.K.
%A Yunus, N.M.
%A Rahman, N.J.A.
%D 2021
%F scholars:15559
%I Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
%P 175-184
%R 10.1007/978-981-16-4513-6₁₅
%T Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Liquefaction of Kenaf Stalks for Bio-oil Production
%U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/15559/
%X In this study, microwave-assisted solvothermal liquefaction was investigated to produce bio-oil from Kenaf stalks. Optimization of process parameters was performed using concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst at biomass to solvent ratio of 1:10, catalyst loading of 10 and microwave power of 300 W with constant stirring at 200 rpm. The maximum bio-oil yield of 87 was achieved at temperature of 180 °C for duration of 20 min, in which ethanol was used as solvent. Different types of catalysts were also tested to produce bio-oil at the optimum process conditions. It was found that synthesized ionic liquid BMIMCl catalyst could give the highest quality of bio-oil in terms of heating value (26.55 MJ/kg) with considerable bio-oil yield. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
%Z cited By 0; Conference of 6th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Sciences, ICFAS 2020 ; Conference Date: 13 July 2021 Through 15 July 2021; Conference Code:270909