relation: https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/15217/
title: Black soldier fly larval valorization benefitting from ex-situ fungal fermentation in reducing coconut endosperm waste
creator: Wong, C.Y.
creator: Kiatkittipong, K.
creator: Kiatkittipong, W.
creator: Ntwampe, S.K.O.
creator: Lam, M.K.
creator: Goh, P.S.
creator: Cheng, C.K.
creator: Bashir, M.J.K.
creator: Lim, J.W.
description: Oftentimes, the employment of entomoremediation to reduce organic wastes encounters ubiquitous shortcomings, i.e., ineffectiveness to valorize recalcitrant organics in wastes. Considering the cost-favorability, a fermentation process can be employed to facilitate the degradation of biopoly-mers into smaller organics, easing the subsequent entomoremediation process. However, the efficacy of in situ fermentation was found impeded by the black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in the current study to reduce coconut endosperm waste (CEW). Indeed, by changing into ex situ fermentation, in which the fungal Rhizopus oligosporus was permitted to execute fermentation on CEW prior to the larval feeding, the reduction of CEW was significantly enhanced. In this regard, the waste reduction index of CEW by BSFL was almost doubled as opposed to in situ fermentation, even with the inoculation of merely 0.5 wt  of Rhizopus oligosporus. Moreover, with only 0.02 wt  of fungal inoculation size to execute the ex situ fermentation on CEW, it could spur BSFL growth by about 50. Finally, from the statistical correlation study using principal component analysis, the presence of Rhizopus oligosporus in a range of 0.5�1.0 wt  was regarded as optimum to ferment CEW via ex situ mode, prior to the valorization by BSFL in reducing the CEW. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
publisher: MDPI AG
date: 2021
type: Article
type: PeerReviewed
identifier:   Wong, C.Y. and Kiatkittipong, K. and Kiatkittipong, W. and Ntwampe, S.K.O. and Lam, M.K. and Goh, P.S. and Cheng, C.K. and Bashir, M.J.K. and Lim, J.W.  (2021) Black soldier fly larval valorization benefitting from ex-situ fungal fermentation in reducing coconut endosperm waste.  Processes, 9 (2).  pp. 1-9.  ISSN 22279717     
relation: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100517694&doi=10.3390%2fpr9020275&partnerID=40&md5=e4af6dbafeea0d5be891293edf441173
relation: 10.3390/pr9020275
identifier: 10.3390/pr9020275