eprintid: 15195 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/01/51/95 datestamp: 2023-11-10 03:29:48 lastmod: 2023-11-10 03:29:48 status_changed: 2023-11-10 01:58:53 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Rashidi, N.A. creators_name: Yusup, S. title: Co-valorization of delayed petroleum coke � palm kernel shell for activated carbon production ispublished: pub keywords: Activated carbon; Binary mixtures; Carbon dioxide; Chemical activation; Gasoline; Impregnation; Morphology; Physicochemical properties; Potash; Surface morphology, Activated carbon production; Activation temperatures; Atmospheric conditions; Box-Behnken experimental design; Commercial activated carbons; Decomposition behaviors; Elemental compositions; Textural characteristic, Petroleum coke, activated carbon; carbon dioxide; coke; nitrogen; palm kernel oil; petroleum; potassium carbonate, activated carbon; crop residue; parameter estimation; petroleum hydrocarbon, adsorption; Article; atmosphere; atmospheric pressure; carbonization; chemical composition; decomposition; dwell time; elimination reaction; physical chemistry; pore size; pore volume; porosity; precursor; process optimization; reaction temperature; surface area; surface property; synergistic effect; thermogravimetry; thermostability note: cited By 32 abstract: In this study, a binary mixture of petroleum coke and palm kernel shell had been investigated as potential starting materials for activated carbon production. Single-stage potassium carbonate (K2CO3) activation under nitrogen (N2) atmosphere was adopted in this research study. Effect of several operating parameters that included the impregnation ratio (1�3 wt./wt.), activation temperature (600�800 °C), and dwell time (1�2 hrs) were analyzed by using the Box-Behnken experimental design. Influence of these parameters towards activated carbon yield (Y1) and carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption capacity at an atmospheric condition (Y2) were investigated. The optimum conditions for the activated carbon production were attained at impregnation ratio of 1.75:1, activation temperature of 680 °C, and dwell time of 1 h, with its corresponding Y1 and Y2 is 56.2 wt. and 2.3991 mmol/g, respectively. Physicochemical properties of the pristine materials and synthesized activated carbon at the optimum conditions were analyzed in terms of their decomposition behavior, surface morphology, elemental composition, and textural characteristics. The study revealed that the blend of petroleum coke and palm kernel shell can be effectively used as the activated carbon precursors, and the experimental findings demonstrated comparable CO2 adsorption performance with commercial activated carbon as well as that in literatures. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. date: 2021 publisher: Elsevier B.V. official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090840816&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2020.123876&partnerID=40&md5=dc09b84f398e62cc9cce1692f1496e53 id_number: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123876 full_text_status: none publication: Journal of Hazardous Materials volume: 403 refereed: TRUE issn: 03043894 citation: Rashidi, N.A. and Yusup, S. (2021) Co-valorization of delayed petroleum coke � palm kernel shell for activated carbon production. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 403. ISSN 03043894