@article{scholars15077,
       publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
         journal = {Fuel},
           title = {Puffing/micro-explosion in rapeseed oil/water droplets: The effects of coal micro-particles in water},
            year = {2021},
             doi = {10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119814},
            note = {cited By 27},
          volume = {289},
        abstract = {The paper is focused on detailed experimental investigation of puffing and micro-explosions in composite water/rapeseed oil droplets in the presence of lignite and bituminous coal micro-particles in water. Gas temperature was measured using a high speed National Instruments 9219 for data collection and an S-type thermocouple. Video recording of droplet micro-explosions was performed using a Phantom Miro M310 high-speed camera. Droplets with radii in the range 1{\^a}??2 mm were placed in a hot chamber with air velocities 3{\^a}??7 m/s and temperatures up to 600 {\^A}oC. The time to puffing/micro-explosion and average radii of child droplets generated during puffing and micro-explosions are shown to decrease with increasing gas temperature. The presence of bituminous coal led to a visible decrease in these radii. The observed times to puffing/micro-explosion were interpreted in terms of the recently developed model of the phenomenon based on the assumption that a single spherical water sub-droplet is located in the centre of a spherical fuel droplet. The time to puffing/micro-explosion in this model is associated with the time instant when the temperature at the water/fuel interface reaches the water nucleation temperature. The model predicts a decrease in time to puffing/micro-explosion in agreement with experimental observations. The effect of coal particles on this time is shown to be weak in agreement with observations at gas temperatures above 300 {\^A}oC. It is shown that the times to puffing predicted by the model are close to those predicted by a simpler model in which these times are identified with the time instants when the temperature at the water/fuel interface reaches the boiling temperature of water. {\^A}{\copyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098674249&doi=10.1016\%2fj.fuel.2020.119814&partnerID=40&md5=4402335b4427fc025aa4cba46b7973dc},
        keywords = {Bituminous coal; Drops; High speed cameras; Thermocouples; Video recording, Boiling temperature; Data collection; Experimental investigations; Micro explosion; Micro particles; National Instruments; Nucleation temperature; Spherical fuels, Phase interfaces},
          author = {Antonov, D. V. and Strizhak, P. A. and Fedorenko, R. M. and Nissar, Z. and Sazhin, S. S.},
            issn = {00162361}
}