TY  - JOUR
JF  - Water (Switzerland)
AV  - none
PB  - MDPI AG
VL  - 13
IS  - 7
KW  - Adsorption; Chemicals removal (water treatment); Hemp; Impregnation; Ions; Pyrolysis; Sodium hydroxide
KW  -  Adsorption capacities; Central composite designs; Correlation models; Impregnation ratios; Modeling and optimization; Preparation parameters; Pyrolysis temperature; Response surface methodology
KW  -  Cadmium compounds
KW  -  biochar; cadmium; composite; concentration (composition); numerical model; optimization; physicochemical property; pollutant removal; pyrolysis
TI  - Modeling and optimization of biochar based adsorbent derived from Kenaf using response surface methodology on adsorption of CD2+
Y1  - 2021///
SN  - 20734441
N2  - Cadmium is one of the most hazardous metals in the environment, even when present at very low concentrations. This study reports the systematic development of Kenaf fiber biochar as an adsorbent for the removal of cadmium (Cd) (II) ions from water. The adsorbent development was aided by an optimization tool. Activated biochar was prepared using the physicochemical activation method, consisting of pre-impregnation with NaOH and nitrogen (N2) pyrolysis. The influence of the preparation parametersâ??namely, chemical impregnation (NaOH: KF), pyrolysis temperature, and pyrolysis time on biochar yield, removal rate, and the adsorption capacity of Cd (II) ionsâ??was investigated. From the experimental data, some quadratic correlation models were developed according to the central composite design. All models demonstrated a good fit with the experimental data. The experimental results revealed that the pyrolysis temperature and heating time were the main factors that affected the yield of biochar and had a positive effect on the Cd (II) ionsâ?? removal rate and adsorption capacity. The impregnation ratio also showed a positive effect on the specific surface area of the biochar, removal rate, and adsorption capacity of cadmium, with a negligible effect on the biochar yield. The optimal biochar-based adsorbent was obtained under the following conditions: 550C of pyrolysis temperature, 180 min of heating time, and a 1:1 NaOH impregnation ratio. The optimum adsorbent showed 28.60 biochar yield, 69.82 Cd (II) ions removal, 23.48 mg/g of adsorption capacity, and 160.44 m2/g of biochar-specific area. © 2021 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
ID  - scholars15041
N1  - cited By 37
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85105193505&doi=10.3390%2fw13070999&partnerID=40&md5=50dd6721988a19ab9b5aedcd1830d5f1
A1  - Saeed, A.A.H.
A1  - Harun, N.Y.
A1  - Sufian, S.
A1  - Bilad, M.R.
A1  - Nufida, B.A.
A1  - Ismail, N.M.
A1  - Zakaria, Z.Y.
A1  - Jagaba, A.H.
A1  - Ghaleb, A.A.S.
A1  - Al-Dhawi, B.N.S.
ER  -