TY  - JOUR
IS  - 12
N2  - Waste tire and fly ash (FA) are two waste materials whose disposal and rapid rate of accumulation are among the pressing sources of concern and threat to the environment. Although much research exists on the use of these materials in cementitious composites, very little literature is available on the effectiveness of combining them in high volumes for concrete production. This work aimed to utilize crumb rubber (CR) from waste tires as a partial replacement of fine aggregate at 15, 22.25, and 30 by volume, and high-volume fly ash (HVFA) replacement of cement at 50, 60, and 70 (by weight of cementitious materials) to produce high-volume fly ashâ??crumb rubber concrete (HVFAâ??CRC). Using the central composite design (CCD) option of the response surface methodology (RSM), 13 mixes were produced with different combinations and levels of the CR and FA (the input factors) on which the responses of interest (compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths) were experimentally investigated. Furthermore, the composite influence of CR and HVFA on the workability of the concrete was assessed using the slump test. The results showed a decline in the mechanical properties with increasing replacement levels of the CR and HVFA. However, up to 22.25 and 60 of CR and HVFA replacements, respectively, produced a structural HVFAâ??CRC with a compressive strength of more than 20 MPa at 28 days. Response predictive models were developed and validated using ANOVA at a 95 confidence level. The models had high R2 values ranging from 95.26 to 97.74. Multi-objective optimization was performed and validated with less than 5 error between the predicted and experimental responses. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
N1  - cited By 12
ID  - scholars14832
TI  - Utilization of crumb rubber and high-volume fly ash in concrete for environmental sustainability: Rsm-based modeling and optimization
KW  - Aggregates; Compressive strength; Concrete aggregates; Concrete industry; Concrete products; Fly ash; Multiobjective optimization; Predictive analytics; Rubber; Tensile strength; Waste disposal
KW  -  Cementitious composites; Cementitious materials; Central composite designs; Concrete productions; Environmental sustainability; Modeling and optimization; Partial replacement; Response surface methodology
KW  -  Sustainable development
AV  - none
JF  - Materials
A1  - Murali, M.
A1  - Mohammed, B.S.
A1  - Abdulkadir, I.
A1  - Liew, M.S.
A1  - Alaloul, W.S.
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85108951586&doi=10.3390%2fma14123322&partnerID=40&md5=e5c1748a54b89d518ba8981ec655052e
VL  - 14
Y1  - 2021///
PB  - MDPI AG
SN  - 19961944
ER  -