TY  - JOUR
EP  - 5302
SN  - 18772641
PB  - Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
SP  - 5285
TI  - Review on Conversion of Lignin Waste into Value-Added Resources in Tropical Countries
N1  - cited By 28
AV  - none
VL  - 12
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85096385998&doi=10.1007%2fs12649-020-01307-8&partnerID=40&md5=636dc2b3d7784c2026d0c77e17fe3d93
JF  - Waste and Biomass Valorization
A1  - Lim, H.Y.
A1  - Yusup, S.
A1  - Loy, A.C.M.
A1  - Samsuri, S.
A1  - Ho, S.S.K.
A1  - Manaf, A.S.A.
A1  - Lam, S.S.
A1  - Chin, B.L.F.
A1  - Acda, M.N.
A1  - Unrean, P.
A1  - Rianawati, E.
Y1  - 2021///
KW  - Biomass; Palm oil; Refining; Search engines; Tropics; Waste disposal; Waste utilization
KW  -  Integrated biorefinery; International database; Lignin utilizations; Limited information; Refinery residues; Tropical countries; Useful chemicals; Value added products
KW  -  Lignin
KW  -  Biomass; Refining; Tropics; Value Added Products; Waste Disposal
ID  - scholars14445
N2  - Abstract: The potential of lignin is huge mainly in refining into biofuels and useful chemicals. Tropical countries have large reserve of biomass; however, lignin is underutilized. Hence, this paper aims to evaluate the lignin potential from biomass and current utilization level in tropical countries such as Brazil, Africa, and Southeast Asia. This paper relevant information is derived from multiple sources, included papers from ISI and Scopus indexed journals, international databases, and online patent search engine. In short, Brazil, has the largest lignin potential, mainly from sugarcane industry, and the highest lignin utilization level at TRL8. Africa had limited information and the least reported amount of studies on biomass available in the studied regions. Southeast Asia countries have oil palm and sugarcane as their largest lignin sources, and a TRL4 lignin utilization level. In Malaysia, oil palm refinery residues are the largest sources of lignin, which are readily to be extracted and processed into value-added products. Lignin utilization industry is also supported by some government policies. In this case, integrated biorefinery is a promising approach in achieving feasible conversion and utilization of lignin in Malaysia, where it adds value to various agricultures wastes produced, while also reducing the waste disposal problems. Graphic Abstract: Figure not available: see fulltext.. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
IS  - 10
ER  -