relation: https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/14257/ title: Characterization of nanomaterial used in nanobioremediation creator: Raja, P.B. creator: Munusamy, K.R. creator: Perumal, V. creator: Ibrahim, M.N.M. description: In recent decades, the invention of nanomaterials and their booming progression has been extended to bioremediation applications as well. As with nanotechnology and its advancement, there is alwaysahigh demand for its analytical details to custom-design nanomaterials. Various nanomaterials including nanoparticles and nanocomposites were positively reported as bioremediators, which possess unique physiochemical properties, viz., dimension, shape, configuration, purity, surface properties, etc. All these parameters are prominently important to custom-tailor nanomaterials for bioremediation applications. Nanotechnology ultimately aims to develop nanomaterials with shapes and sizes of high uniformity. Hence, isamandatory requirement to standardize, optimize, and advance nanomaterial's characterization techniques, which enables researchers to successfully incorporate nanotechnology applications over bioremediation resolutions. This chapter vastly discusses various nanomaterial's characterization techniques (SEM-EDX, TEM, AFM, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, XRD), which are employed as bioremediators. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. publisher: Elsevier date: 2021 type: Book type: PeerReviewed identifier: Raja, P.B. and Munusamy, K.R. and Perumal, V. and Ibrahim, M.N.M. (2021) Characterization of nanomaterial used in nanobioremediation. Elsevier, pp. 57-83. ISBN 9780128239629; 9780128241684 relation: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85126161272&doi=10.1016%2fB978-0-12-823962-9.00037-4&partnerID=40&md5=e29dc9e261ffeb99e2f5d6361acb9781 relation: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823962-9.00037-4 identifier: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823962-9.00037-4