@article{scholars14231,
         journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
       publisher = {BioMed Central Ltd},
            year = {2021},
           title = {Cortical haemodynamic response during the verbal fluency task in patients with bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder: a preliminary functional near-infrared spectroscopy study},
          number = {1},
            note = {cited By 17},
          volume = {21},
             doi = {10.1186/s12888-021-03195-1},
            issn = {1471244X},
          author = {Husain, S. F. and Tang, T.-B. and Tam, W. W. and Tran, B. X. and Ho, C. S. and Ho, R. C.},
        abstract = {Background: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging neuroimaging modality that provides a direct and quantitative assessment of cortical haemodynamic response during a cognitive task. It may be used to identify neurophysiological differences between psychiatric disorders with overlapping symptoms, such as bipolar disorder (BD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Hence, this preliminary study aimed to compare the cerebral haemodynamic function of healthy controls (HC), patients with BD and patients with BPD. Methods: Twenty-seven participants (9 HCs, 9 patients with BD and 9 patients with BPD) matched for age, gender, ethnicity and education were recruited. Relative oxy-haemoglobin and deoxy-haemoglobin changes in the frontotemporal cortex was monitored with a 52-channel fNIRS system during a verbal fluency task (VFT). VFT performance, clinical history and symptom severity were also noted. Results: Compared to HCs, both patient groups had lower mean oxy-haemoglobin in the frontotemporal cortex during the VFT. Moreover, mean oxy-haemoglobin in the left inferior frontal region is markedly lower in patients with BPD compared to patients with BD. Task performance, clinical history and symptom severity were not associated with mean oxy-haemoglobin levels. Conclusions: Prefrontal cortex activity is disrupted in patients with BD and BPD, but it is more extensive in BPD. These results provide further neurophysiological evidence for the separation of BPD from the bipolar spectrum. fNIRS could be a potential tool for assessing the frontal lobe function of patients who present with symptoms that are common to BD and BPD. {\^A}{\copyright} 2021, The Author(s).},
        keywords = {antidepressant agent; anxiolytic agent; chlorpromazine; deoxyhemoglobin; diazepam; fluoxetine; mood stabilizer; neuroleptic agent; oxyhemoglobin; sedative agent, adult; age distribution; Article; bipolar disorder; borderline state; brain cortex; clinical article; controlled study; disease classification; disease severity; educational status; ethnic difference; female; frontal cortex; functional near-infrared spectroscopy; hemodynamics; human; male; medical history; neurologic examination; neuropsychology; prefrontal cortex; sex difference; temporal cortex; verbal fluency task; bipolar disorder; borderline state; diagnostic imaging; near infrared spectroscopy; neurovascular coupling, Bipolar Disorder; Borderline Personality Disorder; Humans; Neurovascular Coupling; Prefrontal Cortex; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85104609616&doi=10.1186\%2fs12888-021-03195-1&partnerID=40&md5=bc3733049dfba13f9d28ae80fb1b3c74}
}