@article{scholars14171,
       publisher = {MDPI},
          volume = {11},
             doi = {10.3390/cryst11121434},
          number = {12},
         journal = {Crystals},
           title = {Axial behavior of concrete-filled double-skin tubular stub columns incorporating PVC pipes},
            year = {2021},
            note = {cited By 2},
          author = {Javed, M. F. and Rafiq, H. and Khan, M. A. and Aslam, F. and Musarat, M. A. and Vatin, N. I.},
            issn = {20734352},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120040201&doi=10.3390\%2fcryst11121434&partnerID=40&md5=43c22789c5bffc97ef178d74bf3c97bc},
        abstract = {This experimental study presents concrete-filled double-skin tubular columns and demon-strates their expected advantages. These columns consist of an outer steel tube, an inner steel tube, and concrete sandwiched between two tubes. The influence of the outer-to-inner tube dimension ratio, outer tube to thickness ratio, and type of inner tube material (steel, PVC pipe) on the ultimate axial capacity of concrete-filled double-skin tubular columns is studied. It is found that the yield strength of the inner tube does not significantly affect the ultimate axial capacity of concrete-filled double-skin tubular composites. With the replacement of the inner tube of steel with a PVC pipe, on average, less than 10 strength is reduced, irrespective of size and dimensions of the steel tube. Hence, the cost of a project can be reduced by replacing inner steel tubes with a PVC pipes. Finally, the experimental results are compared with the existing design methods presented in AISC 360-16 (2016), GB51367 (2019), and EC4 (2004). It is found from the comparison that GB51367 (2019) gives better results, followed by AISC (2016) and EC4 (2004). {\^A}{\copyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.}
}