TY  - JOUR
KW  - Cost effectiveness; Heavy metals; Hydrocarbons; Produced Water; Radioactive materials; Sustainable development; Water pollution; Water treatment
KW  -  Aliphatic hydrocarbons; Energy demands; Environmental damage; Industrialisation; Inorganic pollutants; Large volumes; Metalorganic frameworks (MOFs); Metalâ??organic framework; Organics; Produced water treatments
KW  -  Adsorption
TI  - Produced water treatment with conventional adsorbents and MOF as an alternative: A review
ID  - scholars14154
N1  - cited By 22
N2  - A large volume of produced water (PW) has been produced as a result of extensive industrialization and rising energy demands. PW comprises organic and inorganic pollutants, such as oil, heavy metals, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and radioactive materials. The increase in PW volume globally may result in irreversible environmental damage due to the pollutantsâ?? complex nature. Several conventional treatment methods, including physical, chemical, and biological methods, are available for produced water treatment that can reduce the environmental damages. Studies have shown that adsorption is a useful technique for PW treatment and may be more effective than conventional techniques. However, the application of adsorption when treating PW is not well recorded. In the current review, the removal efficiencies of adsorbents in PW treatment are critically analyzed. An overview is provided on the merits and demerits of the adsorption techniques, focusing on overall water composition, regulatory discharge limits, and the hazardous effects of the pollutants. Moreover, this review highlights a potential alternative to conventional technologies, namely, porous adsorbent materials known as metalâ??organic frameworks (MOFs), demonstrating their significance and efficiency in removing contaminants. This study suggests ways to overcome the existing limitations of conventional adsorbents, which include low surface area and issues with reuse and regeneration. Moreover, it is concluded that there is a need to develop highly porous, efficient, eco-friendly, cost-effective, mechanically stable, and sustainable MOF hybrids for produced water treatment. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
IS  - 24
AV  - none
VL  - 14
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121326739&doi=10.3390%2fma14247607&partnerID=40&md5=5efa1ad1b4edb27b22b4b82decf50ece
JF  - Materials
A1  - Gul Zaman, H.
A1  - Baloo, L.
A1  - Pendyala, R.
A1  - Singa, P.K.
A1  - Ilyas, S.U.
A1  - Kutty, S.R.M.
SN  - 19961944
PB  - MDPI
Y1  - 2021///
ER  -