%P 149-157
%T Graphene oxide/carbon nanotubes nanocoating for improved scale inhibitor adsorption ability onto rock formation
%V 10
%I Springer
%A U. Ishtiaq
%A A.S. Muhsan
%A A.S. Rozali
%A N.M. Mohamed
%A T.M. Badri Albarody
%O cited By 11
%J Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology
%L scholars14092
%D 2020
%R 10.1007/s13202-019-0689-7
%N 1
%K Adsorption; Boreholes; Carbon nanotubes; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Field emission microscopes; Graphene; Graphene oxide; Scale (deposits); Scanning electron microscopy, Adsorption capacities; Energy dispersive x-ray; Field emission scanning electron microscopy; Near-wellbore region; Oilfield operations; Scale inhibitor; Squeeze treatments; Visible spectrophotometers, Rocks
%X The formation of mineral scale has been a major constraint in the oilfield operations as it leads to numerous flow assurance issues. Scale deposition in the formation and production tubing can restrict the flow of hydrocarbon and interferes with the running and operation of downhole equipment. Scale inhibition squeeze treatment is one of the most common form of scale prevention. Although current squeeze treatment is the optimal way to prevent scale from depositing, it is still lack in certain aspect such as adsorption ability and retention time within the rock formation. This paper presents promising advantages of engaging nanotechnology to enhance current scale inhibition treatment. Experimental studies were carried out to examine the potential benefits of using graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes to increase the adsorption of conventional scale inhibitor, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on rock formation in a process called nano-carbon enhanced squeeze treatment (NCEST). This process involves treating the rock surface in the near wellbore region with nanomaterials that allow better adsorption capacity of scale inhibitor. Analysis testing using various techniques including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray and ultraviolet�visible spectrophotometer were conducted to study the adsorption, retention and bonding of the scale inhibitor with nanomaterials and rock. NCEST technique was observed to significantly increase the adsorption of EDTA on rock sample treated with nanomaterials with a maximum adsorption of 180 mg/g compared to 51 mg/g on rock sample without nanomaterials treatment. In terms of cost�benefit, it is estimated to have significant reduction in operating expenses (up to 50) after implementing the NCEST technique compared to that of conventional squeeze treatment. © 2019, The Author(s).