TY - JOUR N2 - Exploration is a costly and risky operation as the expenditure associated are generally valued at millions of dollars and every two out of three wells, on average, contain no shows of hydrocarbons. Consequently, the exploration companies need to drill more wells in one area to find an oil or gas discovery, and this might take more years. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. ID - scholars13910 EP - 28 UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083957579&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-030-45250-6_3&partnerID=40&md5=b54a01e51cd2ae1ca07698f1d0191447 KW - Discovery wells; Oil well drilling KW - Exploration company; Gas discoveries; Production stage KW - Petroleum prospecting SN - 2191530X A1 - Ganat, T.A.-A.O. PB - Springer JF - SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology SP - 21 AV - none N1 - cited By 0 Y1 - 2020/// TI - Understanding exploration, appraisal and production stages ER -