<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . . "Ionic liquid-in-oil microemulsions prepared with biocompatible choline carboxylic acids for improving the transdermal delivery of a sparingly soluble drug"^^ . "The transdermal delivery of sparingly soluble drugs is challenging due to of the need for a drug carrier. In the past few decades, ionic liquid (IL)-in-oil microemulsions (IL/O MEs) have been developed as potential carriers. By focusing on biocompatibility, we report on an IL/O ME that is designed to enhance the solubility and transdermal delivery of the sparingly soluble drug, acyclovir. The prepared MEs were composed of a hydrophilic IL (choline formate, choline lactate, or choline propionate) as the non-aqueous polar phase and a surface-active IL (choline oleate) as the surfactant in combination with sorbitan laurate in a continuous oil phase. The selected ILs were all biologically active ions. Optimized pseudo ternary phase diagrams indicated the MEs formed thermodynamically stable, spherically shaped, and nano-sized (<100 nm) droplets. An in vitro drug permeation study, using pig skin, showed the significantly enhanced permeation of acyclovir using the ME. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study showed a reduction of the skin barrier function with the ME. Finally, a skin irritation study showed a high cell survival rate (>90) with the ME compared with Dulbecco�s phosphate-buffered saline, indicates the biocompatibility of the ME. Therefore, we conclude that IL/O ME may be a promising nano-carrier for the transdermal delivery of sparingly soluble drugs. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland."^^ . "2020" . . "12" . "4" . . "MDPI AG"^^ . . . "Pharmaceutics"^^ . . . "19994923" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "R."^^ . "Wakabayashi"^^ . "R. Wakabayashi"^^ . . "M.R."^^ . "Islam"^^ . "M.R. Islam"^^ . . "M."^^ . "Moniruzzaman"^^ . "M. Moniruzzaman"^^ . . "N."^^ . "Kamiya"^^ . "N. Kamiya"^^ . . "M."^^ . "Goto"^^ . "M. Goto"^^ . . "M.R."^^ . "Chowdhury"^^ . "M.R. Chowdhury"^^ . . . . . "HTML Summary of #13279 \n\nIonic liquid-in-oil microemulsions prepared with biocompatible choline carboxylic acids for improving the transdermal delivery of a sparingly soluble drug\n\n" . "text/html" . .