eprintid: 12806 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/01/28/06 datestamp: 2023-11-10 03:27:22 lastmod: 2023-11-10 03:27:22 status_changed: 2023-11-10 01:49:34 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Razak, N.N.A.N. creators_name: Rahmawati, R. creators_name: Bilad, M.R. creators_name: Pratiwi, A.E. creators_name: Elma, M. creators_name: Nawi, N.I.M. creators_name: Jaafar, J. creators_name: Lam, M.K. title: Finned spacer for enhancing the impact of air bubbles for membrane fouling control in Chlorella vulgaris filtration ispublished: pub keywords: Membrane fouling; Membranes; Shims, Aeration rate; Chlorella vulgaris; Fouling control; Membrane filtrations; Membrane surface; Packing density; Switching modes; Switching period, Microfiltration, biofuel, aeration; air bubble; Article; biomass; Chlorella vulgaris; comparative study; fouling control; material state; microalga; nonhuman; priority journal; surface property note: cited By 22 abstract: Membrane filtration offers appreciable promise as an effective process to harvest microalgae biomass but largely limited by membrane fouling. This study proposed a new spacer system for fouling control in Chlorella vulgaris filtration. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of finned spacer in directing the air bubbles toward the membrane surface thus improve their contacts and their foulant removal impacts. The projection of air bubbles is more effective at narrow fins gaps. The increasing aeration rate proportionally increases permeance until reaching a plateau value of 870 ± 11 L·m�2·h�1·bar at 1.5 L·min�1 aeration, the highest reported value so far. Switching mode can be applied to increase module packing density without compromising performance and is effective at switching periods of <5 min. Overall results are very encouraging and promising to obtain significant improvement in membrane fouling control. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd date: 2020 publisher: Elsevier Ltd official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083432516&doi=10.1016%2fj.biteb.2020.100429&partnerID=40&md5=2436274bedc6a19b24e3159d6f841bf8 id_number: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100429 full_text_status: none publication: Bioresource Technology Reports volume: 11 refereed: TRUE issn: 2589014X citation: Razak, N.N.A.N. and Rahmawati, R. and Bilad, M.R. and Pratiwi, A.E. and Elma, M. and Nawi, N.I.M. and Jaafar, J. and Lam, M.K. (2020) Finned spacer for enhancing the impact of air bubbles for membrane fouling control in Chlorella vulgaris filtration. Bioresource Technology Reports, 11. ISSN 2589014X