eprintid: 12738 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/01/27/38 datestamp: 2023-11-10 03:27:17 lastmod: 2023-11-10 03:27:17 status_changed: 2023-11-10 01:49:24 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Zhalehrajabi, E. creators_name: Lau, K.K. creators_name: KuShaari, K. creators_name: Tay, W.H. creators_name: Hagemeier, T. creators_name: Idris, A. title: Modelling of urea aggregation efficiency via particle tracking velocimetry in fluidized bed granulation ispublished: pub keywords: Efficiency; Fluidization; Granulation; Metabolism; Particle size; Particle size analysis; Population statistics; Rate constants; Size distribution; Urea; Velocimeters; Velocity measurement, Aggregation rate; Fluidized bed granulation; Granulation process; Granulation time; Operating condition; Particle tracking velocimetry; Population balance modeling; Predictive modeling, Fluidized beds note: cited By 12 abstract: This work presents a predictive model to estimate the particle size distribution (PSD) and aggregation efficiency of wet granulation of urea in top spray fluidized bed. To elucidate the model solution, the experimental granulation process of urea particles was performed. Urea particles with an average size of 250 µm, were charged and fluidized at the granulator by spraying a binder solution. Urea granule samples were withdrawn at different granulation time, and the respective particle size distributions were characterized using the sieving method. An empirical model for aggregation rate constant has been developed based on the experimental data at various operating conditions and used in population balance model to estimate the PSD. Furthermore, the model has been extended to determine aggregation efficiency using particle tracking velocimetry method (PTV). The developed model could be employed to estimate the urea granulation performance and kinetics in fluidized bed for design and scale-up purpose. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd date: 2020 publisher: Elsevier Ltd official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083806681&doi=10.1016%2fj.ces.2020.115737&partnerID=40&md5=6bf084e448f9bbb3ad4a98693f1dd5e2 id_number: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115737 full_text_status: none publication: Chemical Engineering Science volume: 223 refereed: TRUE issn: 00092509 citation: Zhalehrajabi, E. and Lau, K.K. and KuShaari, K. and Tay, W.H. and Hagemeier, T. and Idris, A. (2020) Modelling of urea aggregation efficiency via particle tracking velocimetry in fluidized bed granulation. Chemical Engineering Science, 223. ISSN 00092509