@article{scholars12560,
           title = {Activation of rubber-seed shell waste by malic acid as potential CO2 removal: Isotherm and kinetics studies},
             doi = {10.3390/ma13214970},
            note = {cited By 15},
          volume = {13},
          number = {21},
           pages = {1--20},
         journal = {Materials},
       publisher = {MDPI AG},
            year = {2020},
          author = {Borhan, A. and Yusuf, S.},
            issn = {19961944},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85095725926&doi=10.3390\%2fma13214970&partnerID=40&md5=79bfc6b16ec23434ab8d23c9b1d57c80},
        keywords = {Activation energy; Adsorption; Agricultural robots; Agricultural wastes; Rubber; Rubber industry; Seed, Correlation coefficient; Environmental systems; Kinetics studies; Physical adsorption; Pseudo second order; Pseudo-first-order; Rubber seed shell; Volumetric approach, Carbon dioxide},
        abstract = {Carbon dioxide (CO2) has been deemed a significant contributor to the climate crisis and has an impact on environmental systems. Adsorption is widely used among other technologies for carbon capture because of its many benefits. As a starting material for the production of activated carbon (AC) by chemical activation using malic acid due to its biodegradable and non-toxic properties, rubber seed shell (RSS) was used as agricultural waste from rubber farming. Sample A6, which was carbonized for 120 min at a temperature of 600{\^a}??C and impregnated at a ratio of 1:2, was identified to achieve the highest surface area of 938.61 m2 /g with micropore diameter of 1.368 nm, respectively. Using the fixed volumetric approach measured at 25, 50, and 100{\^a}??C, the maximum CO2 adsorption capability reported is 59.73 cm3 /g of adsorbent. Using the pseudo-first order of Lagergren, the pseudo-second order and the Elovich model, experimental data is modeled. It appears that, based on the correlation coefficient, the pseudo-first order model is aligned with the experimental findings. Furthermore, the activation energy of under 40 kJ/mol indicated a physical adsorption occurs, indicating that the RSS chemically activated with malic acid is a fascinating source of CO2 removal requirements. {\^A}{\copyright} 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.}
}