TY  - JOUR
KW  - Biomass; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; High performance liquid chromatography; Ionic liquids; Lignin; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Particle size; Pore size; Probes; Scanning electron microscopy; Silica; Sonication; Sustainable development; Waste treatment
KW  -  Brunauer emmett tellers; Conventional heating; Fourier transform infrared; Lignocellulosic material; Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR); Probe sonication; Rice husk; Sustainable products
KW  -  Thermogravimetric analysis
KW  -  Biomass; Gravimetry; Measuring Instruments; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Particle Size; Pore Size; Thermal Analysis
EP  - 629
AV  - none
VL  - 220
JF  - Journal of Cleaner Production
N2  - Rice husk is one of the most abundant waste lignocellulosic materials. Prob sonication assisted ionic liquid treatment being time effective and environmental benign was utilized for conversion of such waste residue into valuable products. Ionic liquids have been emerged as effective and benign solvents in this regard. Here, two ionic liquids mono- and di-cationic were synthesized and compared for the processing of rice husk biomass. The synthesized ionic liquidsâ?? structures were confirmed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) as well as their thermal stability was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The acidity values were measured using Uvâ??Vis spectroscopy which showed that di-cationic ionic liquid has higher acidity. For the processing of rice husk, the conventional heating and probe sonication methods were used and compared. The probe sonication assisted ionic liquid method exhibited better performance. The process was optimized with respect to type of ILs, biomass loading, particle size, time and recycling effect etc. The regenerated fibrous material was characterized through, Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques. Moreover, about 39 of the lignin was successfully extract. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) result shows that 41.78 levulinic acid (LA) was obtained for ILs treated samples. In addition, the silica was successfully extracted from treated biomass and characterized with FTIR and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis for surface area, pore size, and average diameter. It is steadily believed that the present approach would open new pathways for the efficient conversion of rice husk into sustainable products for numerous applications. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
SP  - 620
N1  - cited By 38
A1  - Ullah, Z.
A1  - Man, Z.
A1  - Khan, A.S.
A1  - Muhammad, N.
A1  - Mahmood, H.
A1  - Ben Ghanem, O.
A1  - Ahmad, P.
A1  - Hassan Shah, M.-U.
A1  - Mamoon-Ur-Rashid
A1  - Raheel, M.
Y1  - 2019///
SN  - 09596526
TI  - Extraction of valuable chemicals from sustainable rice husk waste using ultrasonic assisted ionic liquids technology
ID  - scholars11582
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062717557&doi=10.1016%2fj.jclepro.2019.02.041&partnerID=40&md5=5b22df800e9388a1569d58bc6c1b6d34
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
ER  -