<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . . "Optimized tuning of rosin adduct with maleic anhydride for smart applications in controlled and targeted delivery of urea for higher plant's uptake and growth efficiency"^^ . "Conventional urea is lost due to its high water solubility and microbial transformations which results low agriculture productivity and environmental pollution. To solve these problems, rosin adduct-coated controlled release urea fertilizer (RA-CRUF) was prepared. Properties of rosin adduct with maleic anhydride were optimized during synthesis by varying the reaction temperature (120, 140 and 160 °C), reaction time (2, 4, 6 h) and coating repeats (3, 6, 9 cycles). Twenty different rosin adduct compositions were coated by spraying of rosin adduct on urea to prepare RA-CRUF. The best optimized response of urea release for RA-CRUF was 510.00 mg L �1 in water at optimized values of coating repeats (6.79 cycles), reaction time (4.71 h) and reaction temperature (137.39 °C). The Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy confirmed the reaction of rosin with maleic anhydride at wavenumber 1780 cm �1 and 1856 cm �1 correspond to carbonyl of cyclic anhydride group. The optical microscopy analysis of surface and cross view of RA-CRUF showed a high homogeneity of coating surface. The cumulative urea release was 41.76 and 47.23 for RA-CRUF compared 100 and 82.6 for conventional urea in clay loam texture and loam texture soils respectively. RA-CRUF effect on growth performance of maize plant showed healthy growth and increase in chlorophyll contents up to 51.11 mg g �1 (clay loam texture soil) and 87.55 mg g �1 (loam texture soil). © 2019 Elsevier B.V."^^ . "2019" . . "133" . . "Elsevier B.V."^^ . . . "Industrial Crops and Products"^^ . . . "09266690" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Z."^^ . "Ajab"^^ . "Z. Ajab"^^ . . "K."^^ . "Khurshid"^^ . "K. Khurshid"^^ . . "Z."^^ . "Majeed"^^ . "Z. Majeed"^^ . . "B."^^ . "Ahmad"^^ . "B. Ahmad"^^ . . "M."^^ . "Mubashir"^^ . "M. Mubashir"^^ . . "I."^^ . "Mumtaz"^^ . "I. Mumtaz"^^ . . . . . "HTML Summary of #11517 \n\nOptimized tuning of rosin adduct with maleic anhydride for smart applications in controlled and targeted delivery of urea for higher plant's uptake and growth efficiency\n\n" . "text/html" . .