%K Cellulose; Delignification; Fibers; Fruits; Glucose; Hydrogen bonds; Lignin; Mixtures; Molecular biology; Natural fibers; Palm oil; Paper; Paper and pulp industry; Paper and pulp mills; Recovery; Temperature; Textile fibers, Cellulose fiber; Delignification efficiency; Glucose concentration; Low-transition temperature; Oil palm empty fruit bunch; Pulp and paper; Pulp and paper industry; Three-dimensional structure, Pulp, cellulose; glucose; lignin; malic acid; cellulose; palm oil, cellulose; concentration (composition); crop residue; degradation; lignin; pulp and paper industry; recovery, absorption; biomass; chemical structure; concentration (parameter); delignification; Elaeis; empty fruit bunch; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; green chemistry; high performance liquid chromatography; hydrogen bond; hydrolysis; low temperature; oxidation; precipitation; priority journal; proton nuclear magnetic resonance; pulp and paper industry; sedimentation; transition temperature; Arecaceae; Cactaceae; fruit; transition temperature, Cellulose; Delignification; Fibers; Fruits; Glucose; Hydrogen Bonds, Cactaceae; Elaeis, Arecaceae; Cactaceae; Cellulose; Fruit; Lignin; Palm Oil; Transition Temperature
%X The aim of this work was to recover the cellulose fibers from EFB using low-transition-temperature-mixtures (LTTMs) as a green delignification approach. The hydrogen bonding of LTTMs observed in 1H NMR tends to disrupt the three-dimensional structure of lignin and further remove the lignin from EFB. Delignification process of EFB strands and EFB powder were performed using standard L-malic acid and cactus malic acid-LTTMs. The recovered cactus malic acid-LTTMs showed higher glucose concentration of 8.07 mg/mL than the recovered L-malic acid LTTMs (4.15 mg/mL). This implies that cactus malic acid-LTTMs had higher delignification efficiency which led to higher amount of cellulose hydrolyzed into glucose. The cactus malic acid-LTTMs-delignified EFB was the most feasible fibers for making paper due to its lowest kappa number of 69.84. The LTTMs-delignified EFB has great potential to be used for making specialty papers in pulp and paper industry. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
%O cited By 28
%L scholars11283
%J Bioresource Technology
%D 2019
%R 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121797
%T Recovery of cellulose fibers from oil palm empty fruit bunch for pulp and paper using green delignification approach
%A C.L. Yiin
%A S. Ho
%A S. Yusup
%A A.T. Quitain
%A Y.H. Chan
%A A.C.M. Loy
%A Y.L. Gwee
%I Elsevier Ltd
%V 290