TY  - JOUR
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071747955&doi=10.1016%2fj.rser.2019.109361&partnerID=40&md5=d62c498f9eeb7d6d372f25681c005a3a
A1  - Suparmaniam, U.
A1  - Lam, M.K.
A1  - Uemura, Y.
A1  - Lim, J.W.
A1  - Lee, K.T.
A1  - Shuit, S.H.
JF  - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
VL  - 115
Y1  - 2019///
SN  - 13640321
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
N2  - Derivation of biofuel from microalgae biomass has been widely researched in the past few decades. Microalgae is capable of producing 58,700 litres oil per hectare that can generate 121,104 litres biodiesel per hectare, which seemingly a promising transition over conventional fossil fuels. Nevertheless, economic sustainability of commercial scale production of microalgae biomass is still in shadows of doubt, especially the cultivation and harvesting process. Apparently, the microalgae cultivation system has evolved from traditional open pond to various modern photobioreactor (PBR) designs. However, with regards to tubular and flat panel PBRs as the most ubiquitous systems for biofuel production at commercial level, extensive discussion on reactor configurations and design betterment was presented in this review, along with precise technical comparison on cost and energy requirements for the cultivation systems. This review intended to serve as guideline for long term adoption of these well-established cultivation technologies in biofuel plants given the numerous economic benefits. Besides that, in attempt to lower the harvesting cost, potential use of various waste biomass as bioflocculants to recover microalgae biomass was introduced in this review. This article also deliberates direction on potential policy interventions to produce microalgae biofuel in a more sustainable and cost-effective manners in near future. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
N1  - cited By 190
KW  - Biofuels; Biomass; Cost effectiveness; Fossil fuels; Harvesting; Microorganisms; Photobioreactors
KW  -  Bioflocculants; Biofuel production; Commercial-scale production; Economic sustainability; Harvesting; Micro-algae; Microalgae cultivation; Photobiore-actor; Photobioreactor design; Tubulars
KW  -  Microalgae
ID  - scholars11176
TI  - Insights into the microalgae cultivation technology and harvesting process for biofuel production: A review
AV  - none
ER  -