%0 Journal Article %@ 09743154 %A Al-Sabaeei, A.M. %A Napiah, M.B. %A Sutanto, M.H. %A Alaloul, W.S. %A Ghaleb, A.A.S. %D 2018 %F scholars:10700 %I International Research Publication House %J International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology %N 12 %P 2023-2033 %T An overview on using the chicken manure (CM) waste as a bio-binder for sustainable flexible pavement %U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/10700/ %V 11 %X This paper introduces the bio-oil and bio-char by-products derived from the chicken manure (CM) waste materials as a bio-binder for flexible road construction. Chicken manure has numerous applications in the biofuel and energy using various methods of converting the chicken manure to bio-oil, biochar, and biogas. It needs more treatments for producing more efficient bio-products. Therefore, this article reviews the enhancement mechanisms for the bio-oil production and toward more sustainable bio-binder derived from chicken manure for flexible pavement constructions. It was found that chicken manure has a strong potential to be used for more sustainable and cost-effective applications. However, for road construction bio-binder, applying the chicken manure has some challenges such as the lower density; higher water content and lower adhesion performance. It is also highlighted the research gaps of bio-binder derived from the chicken manure were identified in terms of waste management, enhancement the biofuel production and toward greener and more sustainable bio-binder for flexible pavement constructions. © International Research Publication House. %Z cited By 1