%0 Journal Article
%@ 09743154
%A Al-Sabaeei, A.M.
%A Napiah, M.B.
%A Sutanto, M.H.
%A Alaloul, W.S.
%A Ghaleb, A.A.S.
%D 2018
%F scholars:10700
%I International Research Publication House
%J International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology
%N 12
%P 2023-2033
%T An overview on using the chicken manure (CM) waste as a bio-binder for sustainable flexible pavement
%U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/10700/
%V 11
%X This paper introduces the bio-oil and bio-char by-products derived from the chicken manure (CM) waste materials as a bio-binder for flexible road construction. Chicken manure has numerous applications in the biofuel and energy using various methods of converting the chicken manure to bio-oil, biochar, and biogas. It needs more treatments for producing more efficient bio-products. Therefore, this article reviews the enhancement mechanisms for the bio-oil production and toward more sustainable bio-binder derived from chicken manure for flexible pavement constructions. It was found that chicken manure has a strong potential to be used for more sustainable and cost-effective applications. However, for road construction bio-binder, applying the chicken manure has some challenges such as the lower density; higher water content and lower adhesion performance. It is also highlighted the research gaps of bio-binder derived from the chicken manure were identified in terms of waste management, enhancement the biofuel production and toward greener and more sustainable bio-binder for flexible pavement constructions. © International Research Publication House.
%Z cited By 1