TY  - JOUR
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042707791&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0193518&partnerID=40&md5=63c3f266a453e53b6bf9d14eafeba5e8
JF  - PLoS ONE
A1  - Adil, M.
A1  - Lee, K.
A1  - Zaid, H.M.
A1  - Latiff, N.R.A.
A1  - Alnarabiji, M.S.
VL  - 13
Y1  - 2018///
SN  - 19326203
PB  - Public Library of Science
N1  - cited By 61
N2  - Recently, nano-EOR has emerged as a new frontier for improved and enhanced oil recovery (IOR & EOR). Despite their benefits, the nanoparticles tend to agglomerate at reservoir conditions which cause their detachment from the oil/water interface, and are consequently retained rather than transported through a porous medium. Dielectric nanoparticles including ZnO have been proposed to be a good replacement for EOR due to their high melting point and thermal properties. But more importantly, these particles can be polarized under electromagnetic (EM) irradiation, which provides an innovative smart Nano-EOR process denoted as EM-Assisted Nano-EOR. In this study, parameters involved in the oil recovery mechanism under EM waves, such as reducing mobility ratio, lowering interfacial tensions (IFT) and altering wettability were investigated. Two-phase displacement experiments were performed in sandpacks under the water-wet condition at 95C, with permeability in the range of 265â??300 mD. A crude oil from Tapis oil field was employed; while ZnO nanofluids of two different particle sizes (55.7 and 117.1 nm) were prepared using 0.1 wt.  nanoparticles that dispersed into brine (3 wt.  NaCl) along with SDBS as a dispersant. In each flooding scheme, three injection sequential scenarios have been conducted: (i) brine flooding as a secondary process, (ii) surfactant/nano/EM-assisted nano flooding, and (iii) second brine flooding to flush nanoparticles. Compare with surfactant flooding (2 original oil in place/ OOIP) as tertiary recovery, nano flooding almost reaches 8.5â??10.2 of OOIP. On the other hand, EM-assisted nano flooding provides an incremental oil recovery of approximately 9â??10.4 of OOIP. By evaluating the contact angle and interfacial tension, it was established that the degree of IFT reduction plays a governing role in the oil displacement mechanism via nano-EOR, compare to mobility ratio. These results reveal a promising way to employ water-based ZnO nanofluid for enhanced oil recovery purposes at a relatively high reservoir temperature. © 2018 Adil et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
IS  - 2
KW  - petroleum; sodium chloride; zinc oxide nanoparticle; nanoparticle; petroleum; zinc oxide
KW  -  Article; contact angle; controlled study; dispersion; electromagnetic assisted nano enhanced oil recovery; electromagnetic radiation; energy recovery; experimental study; high temperature; oil field; particle size; permeability; wettability; chemistry; ecosystem restoration; electromagnetism; procedures
KW  -  Electromagnetic Fields; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Nanoparticles; Petroleum; Zinc Oxide
ID  - scholars10519
TI  - Experimental study on electromagnetic-assisted ZnO nanofluid flooding for enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
AV  - none
ER  -