@article{scholars10027,
           title = {A kinetic-based simulation model of palm kernel shell steam gasification in a circulating fluidized bed using Aspen Plus{\^A}(R): A case study},
            note = {cited By 16},
          volume = {9},
          number = {5},
             doi = {10.1080/17597269.2018.1461510},
       publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
         journal = {Biofuels},
           pages = {635--646},
            year = {2018},
          author = {Hussain, M. and Tufa, L. D. and Yusup, S. and Zabiri, H.},
            issn = {17597269},
        abstract = {A detailed simulation model for hydrogen production using catalytic steam gasification of palm kernel shell in an atmospheric dual fluidized bed gasifier using an Aspen Plus{\^A}(R) simulator is developed. The catalytic adsorbent-based steam gasification of palm kernel shell is studied in a pilot scale dual fluidized bed reactor using coal bottom ash as a catalyst for hydrogen and syngas production. The use of a catalyst along with the adsorbent improved tar cracking and enhanced the hydrogen content of syngas. The effect of temperature and the steam{\^a}??biomass ratio on hydrogen yield, syngas composition and lower and higher heating values was studied. An increase in steam{\^a}??biomass ratio enhanced the hydrogen content from 60 to 72 mol. The maximum value of hydrogen production, i.e. 72 vol was achieved at a steam{\^a}??biomass ratio of 1.7. The use of adsorbent and coal bottom ash had a significant effect on hydrogen and syngas yield. A maximum of 80.1 vol hydrogen was achieved at a temperature of 650 {\^A}oC with a 1.25 steam{\^a}??biomass ratio and 0.07 wt coal bottom ash. {\^A}{\copyright} 2018, {\^A}{\copyright} 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor \& Francis Group.},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85046490462&doi=10.1080\%2f17597269.2018.1461510&partnerID=40&md5=2822abd399c6558fcd69847e58a901d2},
        keywords = {Ash handling; Ashes; Biomass; Catalysts; Chemical reactors; Coal; Computer software; Fluid catalytic cracking; Fluidized bed furnaces; Fluidized bed process; Gasification; Hydrogen production; Shells (structures); Steam; Supersaturation; Synthesis gas, Bottom ash; Catalytic steam gasifications; Circulating fluidized bed; Dual-fluidized bed reactors; Effect of temperature; Fluidized bed reactors; Hydrogen and syngas productions; Palm kernel shells, Fluidized beds}
}