Rubber nanocomposites have currently fascinated vast attention owing to their flexibility and modulus, superior chemical and thermal stabilities. These enhanced properties compose rubber nanocomposites striking in different applications such as space industry, agriculture, medical, and packaging. This chapter focuses on diverse aspects of rubber nanocomposites with their filler properties. Nanofillers are introduced into rubber in accumulation to conventional fillers to increase the presentation plus different efficient properties of the rubber matrix depending on the applications. In the recent year, Ionic liquids (ILs) have gained much interest in research and development because of various dominating physical properties and that may be useful solvent for processing rubber for packaging. © Springer International Publishing AG 2018.