The impact of ionic liquids (ILs) namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMimCl) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (BMIMOAc) on rubber wood pyrolysis kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The ILs treated and untreated samples were characterized with FT-IR and elemental (CHNS) analyses. The activation energy for untreated and ILs treated rubber wood (RW) were determined using the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Starink methods. The average activation energy calculated using FWO, KAS and Starink methods for untreated rubber wood was 120.15 kJ/mol, 117.10 kJ/mol and 117.60 kJ/mol, BMIMCl treated rubber wood was 87.32 kJ/mol, 77.73 kJ/mol, and 81.16 kJ/mol, while BMIMOAc treated rubber wood was 85.64 kJ/mol, 76.63 kJ/mol, and 80.47 kJ/mol, respectively. Starink method was further used to determine the pre-exponential factor and thermodynamic parameters of untreated and ILs treated samples. The thermo kinetics and thermodynamic parameters indicate that ILs pre-treatment decreases the thermal stability of the rubber wood. From FTIR analysis, it was observed that ILs pre-treatment affected the chemical composition of rubber wood. Elemental analysis showed that ILs treated RW has a higher content of Hydrogen/Carbon ratio because of the separation of lignin and hemicellulose during pre-treatment. It was concluded that ILs pre-treatment provided a potential way to improve the thermal conversion efficiency of rubber wood. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.