This paper presents a comparison of the performance and efficiency of two single-board computers, VisionFive V1 Board and Raspberry Pi 4B model, in the context of Industry 4.0 and IoT applications. Our study focuses on evaluating the compression speed, compute speed, power consumption and performance efficiency of both devices. Our results show that the Raspberry Pi 4B model outperforms the VisionFive V1 Board in all performance metrics. Nevertheless, we note that the VisionFive V1 Board development community is still in a relatively infancy stage compared to the well-developed Raspberry Pi. Our findings contribute to the ongoing discussion on selecting appropriate single-board computers for Industry 4.0 and IoT applications and provide valuable insights for engineers and researchers working in this field. © 2023 IEEE.