The use of composite flexible pipelines seems reliable and promising to the oil and gas industry to transport hydrocarbons as it is one of the best alternatives to overcome the major problem of corrosion in conventional carbon steel pipelines. However, throughout the years of operation, composite flexible pipelines can also degrade and tend to experience failures such as cracking, delamination and buckling due to several external or internal factors. It is crucial to periodically inspect and monitor the actual condition of composite pipelines in order to determine their safety and integrity throughout their design life. Therefore, with the scientometric and systematic review method, this paper aims to provide insight and future direction on the reliability and integrity assessment of composite pipelines that may be beneficial to pipeline operators as well as researchers or scholars within this field of expertise. Discussion on the common failure drivers, modes and mechanisms are detailed to better understand the relationship between the failure, reliability and integrity of composite flexible pipelines. A brief discussion about the available inspection and monitoring techniques for composite pipelines is also reported. From this comprehensive review, it is found that available approaches for the structural reliability analysis and integrity assessments of composite flexible pipelines are mainly based on quantitative risk-based inspection (QRBI) to produce a more reliable risk interpretation. Nevertheless, combining multiple inspection techniques and employing machine learning methodologies can aid in improving the real-time damage evaluation and safety performance of composite flexible pipes. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd