Reaction mechanisms of the wet torrefaction of oil palm trunks under the effect of initial pressurisation

Soh, M. and Phang, F.J.F. and Chai, Y.H. and Chew, J.J. and Loh, S.K. and Yusup, S. and Yu, A. and Sunarso, J. (2023) Reaction mechanisms of the wet torrefaction of oil palm trunks under the effect of initial pressurisation. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 193. pp. 493-506.

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Abstract

Wet torrefaction of oil palm trunk with initial pressurisation of 1 and 6 MPa at 180 and 260 °C and residence times of 30, 60, and 180 min was carried out. The hydrochar's solid yield treated at 180 and 260 °C ranged from 45.97 to 49.94 and 13.84�20.16, respectively. The higher heating values of the hydrochar treated at 180 and 260 °C were 17.76�18.60 MJ kg�1 and 24.72�27.62 MJ kg�1, respectively. Increasing the initial pressure at 260 °C resulted in decreased solid yield and higher heating values. The reduced solid yield and higher heating values was postulated to come from the suppression of dehydration and decarboxylation reactions along with partial lignin decomposition. Repolymerisation of lignin likely occurred; however, the contributions to solid yield and higher heating values from repolymerised lignin were insignificant compared to its depolymerisation that came from increased temperature. Glucose formation was promoted at high initial pressure (6 MPa) and low temperature (180 °C) and vice versa (i.e. 1 MPa and 260 °C gave higher glucose yield). Furthermore, the rehydration of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to levulinic acid was enhanced with the increase in initial pressure due to the increased water density. Increasing the initial pressure inhibited lactic acid formation from glucose 1,2-enediol. © 2023 Institution of Chemical Engineers

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: cited By 3
Uncontrolled Keywords: Carbonization; Carboxylation; Glucose; Lactic acid; Palm oil; Temperature; Thermochemistry, Dehydration reactions; Higher heating value; Hydrothermal carbonization; Initial pressure; Liquid Phase; Liquid phasis; Oil palm trunks; Reaction mechanism; Residence time; Solid yield, Lignin, Carbonization; Carboxylation; Glucose; Lactic Acid; Temperature; Thermochemistry
Depositing User: Mr Ahmad Suhairi UTP
Date Deposited: 04 Jun 2024 14:10
Last Modified: 04 Jun 2024 14:10
URI: https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/id/eprint/18588

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