Several important advancements in the integration of energy storage into microgrids have fueled a lot of research and development over the last ten years to achieve the global decarbonization goal by 2050. The effective integration of the energy storage system in the microgrid is essential to ensure a safe, reliable, and resilient operation. Nevertheless, the utilization of energy storage in microgrids brings several issues, including poor power quality and intermittence characteristics. To address these concerns, appropriate energy storage controllers and optimization schemes are required to manage and optimize the power efficiently and securely. Although various research works have been performed and published over the years, the analytical assessment of energy storage controllers and optimization schemes integration into microgrids has not been carried out yet. Thus, this paper presents a comprehensive analytical evaluation of energy storage controllers and optimization schemes in Microgrid by recognizing and evaluating the highly influential 110 manuscripts using the Scopus database within the year 2010-2021. The analytical analysis emphasizes the current research trends, keyword evaluation, research classification, country analysis, authorship, and research collaboration. The paper also discusses and compares 24 controllers and 21 optimization schemes in the highly cited 110 manuscripts. Besides, critical discussion and assessment are conducted over 15 emerging subject areas. The constructive analysis identifies the existing limitations and research gaps in the selected 110 papers. By analyzing the existing issues, this manuscript provides several guidelines and suggestions for future improvement. This survey will help to deepen the development concepts to achieve improved power quality, economic prosperity, energy savings, and increased efficiency towards sustainable operation and management in the microgrid. © 2013 IEEE.