This paper reviews historical development and recent progress in low back pain analysis in general and using fatigue loading. The survey covers multiple viewpoints used to analyze and study the properties of the intervertebral discs. Specifically, this paper will focus on the structure of the intervertebral disc along with circumstances and situations where the intervertebral disc (IVD) failed to reinstate to its actual / initial position under recurring fatigue loading conditions. Several bio-mechanical models are discussed which have been developed for studying the characteristics of IVD under repetitive loading. The paramount accomplishments in this research domain are examined along with their pros and cons are highlighted. Furthermore, we have proposed modelling for early prediction and warning mechanisms for backache. © 2022 IEEE.