Oil industry construction is a very high risk from a safety and health perspective. Thousands of workers die while working in onshore oil refineries and pipeline projects worldwide, and despite many advancements in research and technology, fatal injuries are still happening. Construction products involving oil refineries and pipelines always need successful strategies in mitigating health and safety risks. After the recent Covid-19 pandemic, the industry became more conscious of increasing workers' safety on construction sites. The lack of a comprehensive literature review involving raking and prioritization of critical health and safety risk factors is the reason behind conducting a new secondary study. This study aimed to show the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on risk analysis of health and safety issues construction workers face in onshore oil refineries and pipeline construction projects. The SLR methodology involved searching and reviewing the most relevant research papers from the perspective of safety risk factors and proven mitigation techniques. The SLR involves 30 research papers that are of high significance from 2011 to 2022. Fifteen health and safety risk factors are ranked according to arguments from previous studies, with falling from height at the top and scaffolding failure at the lowest position. The successful mitigation techniques are discussed in the existing literature, and the study provides positive theoretical and practical implications for the workers in oil refinery and pipeline construction projects. © 2022 IEEE.