In recent decades, an increasing number of countries have faced water scarcity issues, indicating the need for alternate non-conventional sources of freshwater. This chapter presents the worldwide quantity of freshwater available, an overview of water scarcity, followed by the application of the gas hydrate method as a novel technique to treat water. It also gives insights into the gas hydrate phase behavior, hydrate formation followed by kinetics, and dissociation to yield fresh water. As safe drinking water is essential for all kinds of life desalination of wastewater appears to be a viable approach. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.