Thermal purification is an energy-intensive method that meets the demand from traditional sources with fossil fuels. Existing work seeks to identify solutions to thermal desalination for fossil fuels. Nuclear technology is a feasible choice for electricity cogeneration and freshwater development owing to a large amount of usable power that has been retrieved. Heat is used for steam production and on-spot power storage in thermal and membrane waste treatment plants. It is necessary to use massive or SMR. This chapter discusses the numerous facets of nuclear purification, nuclear containers related to processes of desalination, and integrated desalination schemes coupled with nuclear containers. We address the health of nuclear desalination activities and general awareness, as well as the new economic analyses and evaluations of nuclear desalination projects on-site. Ten large facilities worldwide are run mainly as nuclear desalination plants. MSF, MED, and RO are the most significant desalination processes associated with nuclear SMRs. It was calculated that the rate of water construction through purification was between 0.4/m3 and 1.8 /m3, dependent on the container form and method of purification. Chapter findings suggest that proper preparation and control are required for the potential for marine impacts. In contrast with other co-locations, they often show detrimental maritime, atmospheric, and socio-economic consequences. Public safety problems are addressed, and perspectives are described. Higher environmental efficiency than other co-location alternatives is anticipated in nuclear desalination facilities. Environmental preparation and tracking operations are also much easier and less comprehensive and the key surveillance criteria are mentioned. Ultimately, it is proposed that nuclear desalination be introduced as a less polluting method. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.