The remarkable features of ionic liquid (IL)-based surfactants including high surface/interfacial activity, low critical micelle concentration, and better solubilization have validated them as excellent alternatives for oil spill remediation over the existing commercial surfactants. Considering the significance of IL-based surfactants in recent years, this chapter describes a wide array of oil spill applications by utilizing the state-of-the-art literature. Prior to this, the aggregation behavior and microemulsion formation of IL-based surfactants is briefly discussed. The usefulness of various IL-based surfactant systems in oil spill remediation is thoroughly discussed. The synergism between components of mixed system has led to its plentiful applications in the environmental remediation. This chapter also provides the current overview of IL-based surfactants mixed systems for oil spill application along with the key parameters that affect the dispersion effectiveness. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.