Due to rapid growth of human population and urbanization, concerns over water contamination become a critical issue for many regions especially in developing countries, thus an efficient and cost effective method for water purification especially heavy metal removal in urgent need. Toxic heavy metals hold severe threats to human health and agriculture because they are non-degradable and be likely to amass in the environment. Electrospun membrane fabricated through electrospinning techniques consists of dual functionality; efficient microfiltration capability with excellent surface functionality as a good design for separation membranes that can effectively remove heavy metals in contaminated water sources. On the other hand, Ionic liquids (IL) shown good performance as an extractant in the separation of heavy metal ions. With advancement of technology, more simple and efficient membrane system are required to ensure the efficiency and reliability of filtration system to remove the heavy metal ions. In this research study reports an overview of investigation of electrospun membrane and amino-based ionic liquids for heavy metal removal from waste water applications. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.