The presence of phytochemical constituents, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, fatty acids, etc., within various parts of Carica papaya is highly valuable for various health and medicinal benefits. This paper aimed to review various sample preparation and extraction methods, including conventional extraction and greener extraction methods of phytochemical compounds from Carica papaya. In this review, the methodology used was based on comprehensive data searched from the Web of Science for literature review and technology benchmarking. An in-depth discussion, including advantages and drawbacks, of each sample and extraction methods of Carica papaya Linn. are presented and outlined. Furthermore, key solutions were proposed to overcome issues faced in conventional extraction methods and the challenges encountered in larger extraction scale ratios were also presented to complement the movement towards more sustainable and greener extraction processes. © 2020 Bentham Science Publishers.